pretence

pretence

英 [prɪˈtens] 美 [prɪˈtens]

形容词： 1. pretended 2. feigned 3. sham 4. false 名词： 1. 假装，伪装 2. 借口，托辞 3. 虚假，伪装 4. 谎言，假象

词义辨析：

pretence, pretense, pretext, sham pretence和pretense都可用作名词，表示“假装”或“虚伪”。两者在英语中使用频率相近，没有明显区别。 pretext侧重指为了掩盖真实动机而编造的借口。 sham指的是明显的伪装或假冒的东西，常常用作名词，表示虚假、伪装、假冒。

词汇扩充：

1. pretenceless：无伪装的，真实的 2. pretender：冒充者，伪君子 3. pretentious：自命不凡的，炫耀的 4. pretentiously：自命不凡地，炫耀地 5. pretentiousness：自命不凡，炫耀

近义词：

pretense, pretext, sham, guise, masquerade

反义词：

truth, reality, sincerity

柯林斯词典解释：

1. 名词 If you do something under the pretence of doing it, you do it when you do not really need to or want to. (不真心地) 假装 例： He accused his political opponents of pretence and hypocrisy. 他指责他的政敌们虚伪伪装。 2. 名词 A pretence is a false reason or explanation that someone gives to hide what they are really thinking or feeling. 借口 例： It was all a pretence, of course. 这当然都是借口。 3. 名词 If you say that something is the pretence of a particular thing, you mean that it appears to be that thing but in fact is not. 虚假 例： The country is still under military rule, despite the pretence of civilian government. 尽管有文职政府的虚假装饰，这个国家仍然处于军事统治之下。 4. 名词 A pretence is a false claim that you make about yourself in order to impress other people. 自命不凡 例： She saw through his pretence at once. 她一下看穿了他自吹自擂。

牛津词典解释：

1. 名词 An attempt to make something that is not the case appear true. 虚假，伪装 例： She kept up the pretence that all was well. 她一直保持一切都好的假象。 2. 名词 A claim, especially a false or ambitious one. 自命不凡 例： He was quick to disclaim any political pretences. 他迅速否认了任何政治自命不凡的事。 3. 名词 A false display of feelings, attitudes, or intentions. 假装，伪装 例： She had absolutely no pretence of being interested in the lecture. 她完全没有对讲座感兴趣的假装。 4. 名词 A false or ambitious claim to something. 借口，托辞 例： He was using his headache as a pretence to leave. 他把头疼当作借口离开。 5. 名词 A thing that is falsely or ambitiously represented as being something it is not. 虚假，伪装 例： They were under the pretence that they were working for a reputable company. 他们以在一家有声望的公司工作为幌子。

词组：

1. make a pretence of something：假装某事 2. drop the pretence：不再假装 3. keep up the pretence：继续假装 4. lay aside pretence：放下伪装 5. throw off the pretence：摆脱虚伪

用法：

名词 1. They maintained the pretence of being friends. (他们保持着朋友的假象。) 2. He put on a pretence of confidence. (他装出一副自信的样子。) 3. She made a pretence of not being interested. (她装出一副不感兴趣的样子。) 形容词 1. a pretence smile (虚假的微笑) 2. a pretence reason (虚假的理由) 3. a pretence show (虚假的表演)