cram

《柯林斯词典》解释：

cram (verb) 1. If you cram things or people into a container or place, you put them into it, although there is hardly enough room for them. 2. If you cram things somewhere, you put them there so that they are very tightly packed. 3. If you cram things into a vehicle or container, you put them into it in a rough or careless way. 4. If you cram a lot of things or people into a small space, you put them into it although it is too small to contain them comfortably. 5. If you cram for an examination, you try to learn a lot of things in a very short time. 6. If you say that you are crammed into a place, you mean that there are so many people or things in it that it is completely full. 7. If you say that people cram into a place, you mean that so many of them go there that it is completely full. 8. If you cram food into your mouth or if you cram yourself with food, you eat a lot of it quickly and greedily. 9. If you cram a lot of things or people into a place, you put them into it so that it is completely full. cram (noun) 1. Cram is the activity of trying to learn a lot quickly before an examination. 2. Cram is the act of putting a lot of things or people into a small space.

《牛津词典》解释：

cram (verb) 1. Completely fill a place or container to the point of overflowing. 2. Study intensively over a short period of time just before an examination. 3. Force (people or things) into a place or container that is or appears to be too small to accommodate them. 4. Eat quickly or greedily. 5. (of a large number of people) enter a space that is or appears to be too small for them. cram (noun) 1. The practice of studying intensively over a short period of time just before an examination. 2. A large number of things forced into a small space.

词语辨析：

1. Cram 和stuff 都可以表示“把东西塞进某个地方”，但cram 更强调“紧塞、挤满”的意思，而stuff 则更常用于随意塞入的动作。

2. Cram 也可以表示用功学习，而study 则更常用于正常的学习行为。

词汇扩充：

1. crammed (形容词): 紧塞的，挤满的。

2. cramming (名词): 临时突击学习。

3. crammer (名词): 临时突击学习者。

近义词：

crowd

squeeze

stuff

pack

反义词：

empty

clear

例句：

1. The suitcase was so full that I had to cram my clothes into it. 行李箱太满了，我不得不把衣服紧塞进去。 2. She crammed the books onto the shelf. 她把书挤满了书架。 3. The workers crammed the boxes into the truck. 工人们匆忙地把箱子塞进卡车里。 4. The bus was crammed with passengers. 公交车上挤满了乘客。 5. I need to cram for my history exam tomorrow. 我需要赶紧复习明天的历史考试。 6. The tiny room was crammed with people. 这个小房间挤满了人。 7. Students were cramming in the library before the final exams. 学生们在期末考试前在图书馆里突击学习。 8. He crammed the last piece of cake into his mouth. 他把最后一块蛋糕塞进嘴里。 9. The teacher crammed as much information as possible into the lesson. 老师在课堂上尽量灌输了大量的知识。 10. I have so much to pack for the trip, I don't know how I'll cram it all in my suitcase. 我有很多东西要打包，不知道怎么塞进我的行李箱里。 11. He crammed for the test all night. 他整夜赶时间复习考试。 12. The students crammed into the small classroom. 学生们挤满了小教室。 13. They crammed the car with camping gear. 他们把露营装备塞满了车子。 14. She crammed her mouth with popcorn while watching the movie. 她一边看电影一边狼吞虎咽地吃爆米花。 15. The students cramming for the exam were anxious and stressed. 为考试突击复习的学生们感到焦虑和压力。 16. The bookshelf was crammed with books of all different sizes. 书架上挤满了各种尺寸的书籍。 17. The small room was crammed full of furniture. 这个小房间里塞满了家具。 18. The students spent the entire weekend cramming for the important test. 学生们整个周末都在为重要考试突击复习。 19. The teacher crammed the students into the small classroom. 老师把学生们塞进了小教室。 20. He crammed the suitcase with clothes for his trip. 他把衣服塞满了旅行箱。